Pan-spine MRI is warranted in patients who require operative treatment for pyogenic spinal infection to evaluate for multifocal infection.

Tuberculosis is a serious public health problem. A retrospective study of a series of cases of patients with a diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis was carried out from 2014 to 2019. A total of 30 patients were confirmed. The presence of sequelae was correlated with the presence of motor deficit at the beginning of treatment and the high value of C-reactive protein at the end of treatment. These results may contribute to a better understanding of this disease to reduce complications.

Currently, there is no method available to reload antibiotic carriers to treat late bone infections or to prevent bacterial attachment. We propose a novel method to load and protect a biphasic calcium sulfate/hydroxyapatite (CaS/HA) carrier material from bacterial re-population by systemically administering a clinical dose of HA-seeking antibiotic rifampicin (RIF). CaS/HA-based carriers could recruit HA-seeking RIF to locally exert an adequate antibacterial effect at the targeted tissue.

Management of septic arthritis in native joints (SANJO) is often conducted by clinicians of different specialties, experience levels, and at all hours of the day. The SANJO guideline group makes evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis, microbiological investigation, initial surgery, empirical antibiotic treatment, early mobilization, evaluation of outcomes, and treatment failure. Special considerations were made for children, tuberculosis, and SANJO after cruciate ligament reconstruction.

We present the first published case of bilateral extensor tenosynovitis caused by Coxiella burnetii. C. burnetii should be considered in patients with inflammatory osteoarticular disease, including tenosynovitis, when conventional cultures are negative especially in elderly, male, or immunocompromised patients with exposure to animals.

In a first evaluation, the accuracy of a novel multiplex PCR (polymerase chain reaction) panel for rapid detection of pathogens in patients with a clinical suspicion of acute septic arthritis of native and prosthetic joints is assessed. Clear benefit is seen in patients with a suspected native septic arthritis and late acute prosthetic joint infection. This indicates that the panel allows for fast tailoring of antibiotics and may prompt the surgeon for surgical lavage in doubtful clinical cases.

Despite the success of total hip replacements, there is still a devastating complication that orthopedic surgeons must deal with: periprosthetic infection. We conducted a retrospective study on patients diagnosed with chronic periprosthetic hip infection treated with a two-stage revision using a gentamicin-impregnated articulating cement spacer. We observed a had a high overall success rate (above 90%) and that there were no significant differences between mono- and polymicrobial infections.

The relation between postoperative wound leakage and occurrence of a prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after arthroplasty has not been investigated in a prospective study. We performed a large cohort study in which 1019 patients, after arthroplasty, recorded their wound drainage status in a wound care app during 30 postoperative days. Risk factors for wound drainage were identified. Moderate to heavy wound leakage in the third postoperative week was strongly associated with the occurrence of PJI.

In a low-resource setting, we studied the risk factors for infection in 101 open fractures treated with the SIGN nail. We found that infection of fractures increased with fracture severity. The treatment-related factors found to have significant association with infection were also essentially the same as those known in advanced countries. We believe low-resource settings could affordably adopt management approaches of high-income countries to achieve good outcomes despite the scarce resources.