Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have a high treatment failure rate when faced with a late acute periprosthetic joint infection. Because of the rarity of the condition, we performed a multicenter case-control study. We identified predictors of treatment failure to ultimately improve the treatment outcome. Exchange of modular components seems important in this patient group, likely due to a higher rate of positive blood cultures compared to control patients.

This study explores the effectiveness of repeated debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) for early periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) after total joint arthroplasty. It shows that repeated DAIR procedures may achieve over 75 % success, which indicates that this approach may have value in managing early PJIs after weighing the benefits and risks of repeated DAIR against implant removal for each patient.

Diabetic foot osteomyelitis is a severe diabetes complication that increases the risk of limb loss and death. This study assessed a one-stage surgical approach with primary wound closure and local antibiotics, showing favourable results. Among 97 patients, 13 needed further treatment, but only 4 required major amputation. Poor circulation was the main factor in failure. These findings challenge traditional methods and may improve quality of life, although further high-quality trials are needed.

We report the first case of axillary nerve neuropathy in an adult secondary to shoulder septic arthritis with abscess formation. Prompt surgical drainage, lavage, and targeted antibiotic therapy led to full recovery. This case also highlights the risks of intra-articular injections, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for septic arthritis in this population, even when the classic signs are absent.

We compared the outcomes of one-stage and two-stage revision surgeries for periprosthetic joint infections of the knee and hip joints. Patients in both groups had similar reinfection rates and functional recovery, but two-stage hip patients experienced more complications, partly due to the temporary use of cement spacers. Our findings suggest that one-stage revision may be a viable alternative to two-stage revision, potentially reducing complications without increasing reinfection risk.

This meta-analysis evaluates synovial fluid white blood cell count and polymorphonuclear neutrophil proportion in order to diagnose chronic peri-prosthetic joint infection. Based on 74 studies, it identifies optimal thresholds, with rule-in and rule-out thresholds enhancing diagnostic precision. Confounding factors such as fractures and inflammatory arthritis are addressed. The findings support standardized diagnostic frameworks in improving accuracy and clinical consistency.

This retrospective study shows that autogenous non-vascularized bone graft is a viable option for managing post-osteomyelitis bone defects in children in low-resource settings. Bone union was achieved in all cases at the last follow-up (minimum of 7 years). Recurrence of infection was seen in two cases. Studies into this specific technique are important as it does not require super-specialized centres or skills, both of which are scarce in low-resource settings.

Bone and joint infections are common and generally require surgical treatment combined with prolonged antibiotic therapy. It is important to use an antibiotic with good bone penetration that is effective against the commonly encountered pathogens and well-tolerated. Oral tetracyclines are promising and frequently used candidates. This review summarizes the available data on the use of oral tetracyclines in bone and joint infections and highlights the limited data available.