Articles | Volume 11, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/jbji-11-431-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/jbji-11-431-2026
Original full-length article
 | 
20 Jul 2026
Original full-length article |  | 20 Jul 2026

Sonication fluid cultures enhance pathogen identification in fracture-related-infection (FRI)

Anas Zouitni, Erlangga Yusuf, Jakob van Oldenrijk, Tjebbe Hagenaars, Peter D. Croughs, P. Koen Bos, Denise Eygendaal, and Ewout S. Veltman

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Cited articles

Bellova, P., Knop-Hammad, V., Konigshausen, M., Schildhauer, T. A., Gessmann, J., and Baecker, H.: Sonication in the diagnosis of fracture-related infections (FRI) – a retrospective study on 230 retrieved implants, J. Orthop. Surg. Res., 16, 310, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02460-z, 2021. 
Bezstarosti, H., Van Lieshout, E. M. M., Voskamp, L. W., Kortram, K., Obremskey, W., McNally, M. A., Metsemakers, W. J., and Verhofstad, M. H. J.: Insights into treatment and outcome of fracture-related infection: a systematic literature review, Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg., 139, 61–72, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-018-3048-0, 2019. 
Depypere, M., Morgenstern, M., Kuehl, R., Senneville, E., Moriarty, T. F., Obremskey, W. T., Zimmerli, W., Trampuz, A., Lagrou, K., and Metsemakers, W. J.: Pathogenesis and management of fracture-related infection, Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 26, 572–578, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2019.08.006, 2020. 
Finelli, C. A., da Silva, C. B., Murca, M. A., Dos Reis, F. B., Miki, N., Fernandes, H. A., Dell'Aquila, A., and Salles, M. J.: Microbiological diagnosis of intramedullary nailing infection: comparison of bacterial growth between tissue sampling and sonication fluid cultures, Int. Orthop., 45, 565–573, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-020-04771-y, 2021. 
Fuchs, M., Kinzel, S., Gwinner, C., Perka, C., Renz, N., and von Roth, P.: Clinically Asymptomatic Patients Show a High Bacterial Colonization Rate of Osteosynthetic Implants Around the Knee but Not the Hip, J. Arthroplasty, 34, 1761–1766, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2019.03.058, 2019. 
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Short summary
This study explores the diagnostic value of sonication fluid culture (SFC) as an adjunct to conventional diagnostic methods for fracture-related infection (FRI). SFC improves pathogen detection and contributes to more accurate diagnosis of FRI. In approximately 6 % to 16 % of confirmed FRI cases, SFC influenced FRI management. These findings support the routine use of SFC alongside standard tissue cultures, with adequate sampling according to protocol.
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