Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most challenging complications following total joint arthroplasty. PJI infections are primarily caused by antibiotic-tolerant biofilms on the surface of the implant. Bacterial toxin antitoxin systems are believed to play a critical role in biofilm antibiotic tolerance and resistance. The objective of this study was to identify the role of the S. aureus toxin YoeB in biofilm formation, antibiotic susceptibility, and virulence.

We report on a clinical case of rapid progressive destruction of the femoral head after joint injection in rheumatoid arthritis.

Clinical prognostic models are tools that predict treatment outcomes for individual patients. For adults with bone and joint infection treated with surgery and implant removal, this review found no existing unbiased clinical prediction models that took modifiable health factors into account to estimate prognosis. Developing a clinical prognostic model may help treatment decisions and future targeted research in orthopaedic infection.

This case series highlights our treatment strategy for pubic symphysis osteomyelitis of aggressive local debridement with local antibiotic therapy. Additionally, debridement of the pubic symphysis without subsequent internal fixation did not result in pelvic instability, as determined by pelvic radiographs and ability to fully weight bear postoperatively.

Osteomyelitis is an infection of bone and is often treated with surgical debridement. This results in a bone defect which requires the use of a void filler. This study evaluated the use of a gentamicin-impregnated ceramic void filler (CERAMENT G) and compared it to the same void filler without antibiotic (CERAMENT) and no void filler in a rat model of osteomyelitis. CERAMENT G was found to decrease the rate of persistent infection and grow more new bone than CERAMENT or an empty defect.

In total hip arthroplasty, infection remains one of the most devastating postoperative complications. It can be difficult to treat and eradicate. Currently there are several validated methods of combating infection but complications both during and after the process can derail the patient's recovery. We seek to determine complications that occur during the infection eradication process and the stage they occur in to bring awareness to possible reasons for failure of the revision.

When we initiated this paper, there was no evidence on what kind of spacers we should use. Our work was to prove that we must use a broad spectrum of antibiotics at the spacers in two-stage revision procedures. We demonstrate that a large spectrum of antibiotics at the spacer results in a lower rate of positive cultures during preimplantation and, subsequently, better outcomes and lower rate of infection.

Our data suggest that, in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) patients with a draining sinus, suppressive antibiotic treatment (SAT) can be considered on an individual basis. SAT may reduce pain and favour the closure of the sinus tract in certain individuals, but the prescription of SAT does not appear to have any influence on the prevention of prosthetic loosening and other infectious complications.

The aim of this study is to summarize and improve knowledge regarding fracture-related infection caused by Candida (CFRI) through a systematic review on the topic, accompanied by a case report. Candida infections in fractures are rare but difficult-to-treat events. The existing fracture-related infection treatment algorithm combined with long-term systemic antifungal therapy has an anecdotal value and needs more extensive studies to be validated.