Infection after Constrained Condylar Knee Arthroplasty: Incidence and microbiological findings in 100 consecutive complex primary and revision total knee arthroplasties

Abstract. Background: To report incidence, microbiological findings, and treatment outcome of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after constrained condylar knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Retrospective study of 100 consecutive complex primary and revision total knee arthroplasties operated with constrained condylar knee arthroplasties between February 2006 and October 2015 at a single institution. Demographic and surgical data were registered, as well as data regarding infection, microbiology and treatment. Follow-up median 43 months; SD 32.

Results: The overall incidence of acute postoperative PJI was low (3/100). 1/33 (3%), 1/ 45 (2%), and 1/22 (5%), following primary complex TKA, aseptic revisions, and septic revisions, respectively. The incidence of late acute hematogenous PJI was 5/100. 1/33 (3%),1/45 (2%), and 3/22 (14%) following primary complex TKA, aseptic revisions, and septic revisions, respectively. Late acute hematogenous infections were associated with a lower success rate of treatment with debridement and implant retention compared with acute postoperative PJIs, 1/5 versus 2/3.

Conclusion: The risk of late acute hematogenous infections seems increased. Multiple previous surgery, poor soft tissue, and large metal implants may contribute to an increased lifelong susceptibility for bacteremias to cause PJIs.